Kawm txog lub chaw kuaj cov tub luam tawm

TusChromatographic kemCais cov txheej txheem yog ua raws cov kev faib sib txawv coefficients ntawm theem chanase thiab mobile theem hauv cov sib tov. Theem nyob ruaj khov yog feem ntau yog adsorbent, xws li Silica gel, alumina, polyamide, thiab lwm yam. Lub mobile theem yog cov hnyav uas coj cov sib xyaw rau hauv cov chromatographic kem, tseem hu ua ib qho chaw xaiv. Raws li lub mobile theem txav hauv cov chromatographic kem, txhua tus muaj nyob ntawm theem siab rau sib txawv ntawm cov partition coefficient, thiaj li ua tiav kev sib cais.

Raws li qhov tseem ceeb cais cov cuab yeej, ntsuas chromatographic kem Ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev siv tshuaj lom neeg, txheeb, tshuaj thiab lwm thaj teb. Raws li cov hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm chromatography, kev sib cais ntawm txhua feem ntawm kev siv qhov sib xyaw ua ke los ntawm kev sib txawv ntawm cov tshuaj sib txawv ntawm cov theem sib txawv ntawm theem sib txawv thiab mobile theem. Daim ntawv no yuav qhia cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb, ntaus, cov txheej txheem kev ua haujlwm, cov txheej txheem ua haujlwm hauv ntau lub chaw kuaj cov kab ke.

Cov cim chromatographic tuaj yeem faib ua ntau hom raws li lawv txoj ntsiab cai ntawm kev nqis tes ua, sau cov khoom, duab thiab loj.

Qhia txog kev ua yeeb yam ntawm kev nqis tes ua

1) Adsorption kem chromatography: tus adsorbent yog siv los cais qhov sib txawv hauv adsorption muaj peev xwm ntawm txhua feem ntawm cov sib tov. Qhov kev xaiv ntawm adsorbent nyob ntawm qhov xwm ntawm cov tshuaj yuav tsum sib cais, thiab alumina yog qhov haum rau ntau hom sib txuas raws li acid thiab alkali.

2) Muab faib cov chromatography: cov sib tov tau sib cais raws qhov sib txawv ntawm kev faib cov coefficients ntawm cov theem ruaj thiab mobile. Partition Cug cov chromatography feem ntau siv cov kuab tshuaj me me thiab kho cov kev faib tawm coefficient los ntawm kev hloov cov kuab tshuaj.

3) ion sib pauv kem chromatography: cov adsorption thiab tso tawm ntawm ions hauv cov sib tov sib xyaw los ntawm ion pauv cov resin. Ion pauv cov resins muaj cov pab pawg sib pauv uas tuaj yeem sib pauv ions hauv cov khoom sib cais.

◆ Txheeb los ntawm cov khoom siv

1) Silica Gel kem: Silica Gel yog cov adsorbent feem ntau, haum rau kev sib cais ntawm ntau yam organic teeb meem. Silicone cov kab muaj cov thermal zoo heev thiab tshuaj ruaj khov thiab tuaj yeem siv ntau tshaj cov xov tooj dav.

2) Alumina kem: alumina kem yog muab faib ua cov acidic, alkaline thiab seem alumina raws li acid thiab alkali, haum rau ntau hom sib cais. Alumina kem tau muaj qhov muaj peev xwm muaj zog rau cov khoom siv polar.

3) Polyamide Soc: Txoj kev ua haujlwm Polyorption muaj qhov sib cais uas tuaj yeem tsim cov tshuaj sib xyaw ua ke uas tuaj yeem tsim cov duab hluav taws xob uas tuaj yeem tsim cov duab hluav taws xob uas tuaj yeem tsim cov duab hluav taws xob uas tuaj yeem tsim cov duab hluav taws xob uas tuaj yeem tsim cov duab hluav taws xob uas tuaj yeem tsim cov duab hluav taws xob uas tuaj yeem tsim cov duab puab qab hau, thiab cov phenols, acids, mist.

◆ Txheeb raws li cov duab thiab qhov loj me

1) Iav kem: hom ntawm chromatographic kem feem ntau siv nyob rau hauv chaw soj nstuam, nrog qhov zoo ntawm kev ceev thiab tshuaj xyuas. Qhov loj me ntawm lub khob kem yog txiav txim raws li cov nyiaj tau sib cais thiab kev sib cais ntawm kev sib cais nyuaj yog feem ntau ntawm 1: 8 thiab 1:50.

2) Cov kab hlau stainless hlau: Tus qauv stainless hlau stainless muaj qhov zoo ntawm corrosion ntawm corrosion ntawm corrosion ntawm corrosion ntawm corrosion ntawm corrosion tsis kam, uas yog tsim nyog rau kev kub siab cov tshuaj chromataphy. Kev siv cov kab hlau stainless hlau yog qhov tsawg dua, tab sis muaj qhov zoo hauv qee yam.

Kev xaiv ntawm ib qho tsim nyog chromatogromaphic kem yog qhov tseem ceeb kom ua tiav kev sib cais zoo. Thaum xaiv cov chromatographic txhua, cov hauv qab no yuav tsum tau txiav txim siab:

Kev ntsuas cov tshuaj ntsuam chromatographic muaj ntau cov kev siv hauv ib tus naj npawb ntawm cov teb, suav nrog tab sis tsis txwv rau cov hauv qab no:

◆ Protein sib cais thiab ua kom huv: Cov chromatographic kem yog ib qho ntawm cov cuab yeej tseem ceeb rau kev sib cais protein thiab purification. Raws li qhov sib txawv ntawm cov protein loj, them cov khoom thiab affinity, sib txawv chratipographic txoj kev tuaj yeem xaiv rau kev sib cais thiab kev ua kom huv. Piv txwv, ion txauv kem chromatography yog haum rau cov protein sib cais los ntawm cov khoom ntiag tug; Affinity kem chromatography siv cov khoom siv khi tshwj xeeb rau cais tawm thiab ua kom huv cov hom phiaj cov protein.

◆ Kev sib cais ntawm cov kua qaub nucleic: Cov chromatographic txhua tus kuj tseem siv tau rau kev sib cais ntawm nucleic acids. Los ntawm cov txheej txheem Chratographic, nucleic acid molecules ntawm cov sib txawv ntev thiab RNA molecules) tuaj yeem sib cais ntawm cov kua txiv ntoo ua kom tau zoo, ua kom tiav thiab lwm yam kev sim.

◆ Kev sib cais me me molecule compounds: Kev siv yeeb tshuaj feem ntau, cov khoom siv Molecule me me hauv cov khoom ntuj, thiab lwm yam, tuaj yeem sib cais nrog kev pab ntawm chromatographic txhua. Raws li qhov sib txawv ntawm cov kev faib tawm coefficient ntawm cov theem sib luag thiab cov qauv xov tooj rau cov chromatographic tuaj yeem raug xaiv rau kev sib cais thiab ua kom huv ntawm cov me me molecule compounds. Piv txwv li, thim rov qab-theem Silica gel yog tsim nyog rau kev sib cais ntawm lipophilic me molecules me; Qhov qub silica gel yog tsim nyog rau kev sib cais ntawm hydrophilic me molecules me.

◆ Kev sib cais ntawm polysaccharides: Cov chromatographic kem tuaj yeem siv rau kev sib cais ntawm polysaccharides. Raws li qhov loj me ntawm polysaccharide molecules thiab branched saw cov qauv, uas tsim nyog rau kev kawm sib txawv ntawm cov qauv thiab kev ua haujlwm ntawm polysaccharides.

◆ Lwm yam kev thov: Cov khoom lag luam chromatographic tseem dav nyob rau hauv kev sib cais hauv cov nroj tsuag cov tshuaj, thiab cov tshuaj cais ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv ntawm tes, thiab kev sib cais thiab kev sib cais ntawm cov kab mob. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov Chratographic kem kuj tseem ceeb tshaj plaws hauv kev sib cais, kev faib tawm ntawm cov khoom noj kom zoo nkauj thiab kev sib cais ntawm cov khoom noj kom zoo nkauj thiab kev sib cais thiab kev ua kom huv ntawm cov txuj lom uas ntuj.