Ntau hom chromatography
2.Chromatogratographic Kem (Hloov Hom)
3.Chromatographic Tag (phau ntawv)
*** Daim ntawv teev npe rau tag nrho saum toj no, nug peb kom tau txais
Hauj lwm lawm
Kev tsis
Ntau tus kem chromatographyyog kev siv ntawm ntau-channel hloov Valve hloov pauv ntawm kev sib txuas ntawm cov txheej txheem, kev ntsuas cov khoom lag luam los ntawm tus lej chromatographic kom tau txais kev cais tawm qauv. Nrog rau kev txhim kho kev lag luam chemistry thiab ntsuas kev tsim tshuab, muaj ntau hom chromatography tau txhim kho thiab zoo tag nrho. Piv txwv li, tus txawj ntse ntau hom tshuaj chromatography (IMMCC) yog npaj siab los txhim kho txoj kev tshuaj xyuas kev ua haujlwm tau zoo thiab raug. Txawm li cas los xij, ntau-kem chromatography kuj ntsib qee qhov kev cov nyom, xws li kev nce qib zuj zus ntawm cov kab ke, thiab qhov nyuaj ntawm cov ntaub ntawv ua.
Cov kauj ruam kev ua haujlwm ntawm ntau-kem chromatography feem ntau yog cov qauv kev npaj, kem chaw thau khoom, qauv chaw thau khoom, kev sib sau ua ke thiab kev txheeb xyuas. Ntawm lawv, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog los them rau cov kev sib xws thiab nruj ntawm cov theem uas tau sau thaum thauj khoom thaum thauj khoom thaum lub sijhawm tsim nyog kom tau txais cov nyhuv zoo tshaj plaws.
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Chaw ua uas tsis tau haus
Kev kwv yees thiab sau
Kev tiv thaiv thiab kev sau yog ob kauj ruam tseem ceeb hauvntau tus kem chromatography, uas ncaj qha rau kev txiav txim siab cov nyhuv nyhuv thiab cov kev coj dawb huv ntawm cov khoom. Ob kauj ruam hauv qab no tau piav qhia kom meej los pab cov neeg nyeem nkag siab thiab dhau los ua cov txheej txheem kev tiv thaiv thiab kev sau cov chromatography.
Cov Kauj Ruam
Kev lees paub yog ib kauj ruam tseem ceeb hauv cais cov tshuaj hauv ntau-kem chromatography. Lub hom phiaj yog txhawm rau txhawm rau sib xyaw ntawm cov sib xyaw los ntawm theem chaw ruaj khov ib los ntawm ib qho los ntawm xaiv cov khoom lag luam uas tsim nyog thiab cov cai kom tsim nyog.
Xaiv Tsab Cai Eluent
Qhov kev xaiv ntawm Eluent yog tus yuam sij rau kev sib cais los ntawm ntau-kem chromatography. Feem ntau, hom thiab sib faib ntawm cov eluents yuav tsum tau raug txiav txim siab raws li cov xwm txheej ntawm cov tshuaj yuav tsum sib cais, hom chaw nyob ruaj khov, thiab cov kev sim xav tau.
Polarity txuam: Rau cov tshuaj Polar, cov neeg xaiv tau muaj zog nrog polarity muaj zog feem ntau raug xaiv; Rau cov khoom tsis muaj-polar, cov tsis yog-polar eluent yog xaiv. Ib qho ntxiv, kev ncua ntawm cov neeg raug xaiv kom phim cov polarity ntawm theem nyob ruaj ruaj kom ua tiav cov nyhuv zoo tshaj plaws.
Kev txiav txim siab solubility: Tus Eluent yuav tsum tau ua kom yaj tag nrho cov tshuaj yuav tsum tau sib cais lossis kev tsim cov nag lossis daus ntawm cov theem nyob ruaj khov.
Kev Nyab Xeeb thiab Kev Nyab Xeeb: Thaum xaiv cov eluents, nws tseem tsim nyog los xav txog lawv cov tshuaj lom thiab cuam tshuam rau ib puag ncig, thiab ua ntej muaj kuab lom tsawg thiab ib puag ncig cov eluents.
Kev ua kom zoo ntawm cov xwm txheej
Qhov kev tshem tawm kom raug luag muaj xws li tus nqi txaus, kub thiab lub siab ntawm eluent, uas muaj qhov cuam tshuam tseem ceeb ntawm kev sib cais ua haujlwm.
Tus nqi ntws tsawg: Tus nqi txaus yuav ua rau kev sib cais tsis tiav, thaum qeeb qeeb qeeb qeeb qeeb lub sijhawm sib cais. Yog li ntawd, tus nqi txaus yuav tsum raug xaiv raws li kev sim yuav tsum tau ua.
Kev cai ntsuas kub: Qhov tsim nyog nce rau hauv qhov kub thiab txias tuaj yeem txhim kho cov solubility thiab diffusion tus nqi ntawm cov khoom, yog li kev txhim kho kev sib cais ua haujlwm. Txawm li cas los xij, ntau dhau ntawm qhov kub yuav ua rau cov khoom tsis pom zoo lossis ua rau cov theem nyob ruaj khov.
Kev tswj siab: hauv ntau-kem chromatography, qhov kev ruaj ntseg ntawm lub siab yog qhov tseem ceeb rau cov khoom tsis zoo ntawm cov eluents. Nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav kom ntseeg tau tias qhov kev ruaj khov thiab kev tswj hwm ntawm kev siab thaum sim.
Kev Txom Nyem Kev Lag Luam
Kom elute, ua raws cov theem hauv qab no:
Pre-edution: ua ntej kev lees paub, ib qho me me ntawm ELUENT yog siv los npaj ua ntej rau cov ntawv nthuav tawm thiab cov seem hauv kem.
Uniform ntxiv rau eluent: Tus Eluent yog uniformly ntxiv rau hauv kem ntawm tus nqi qis tuaj yeem tiv toj tau tias Eluent cov khoom lag luam thiab eluate cov tshuaj yuav sib cais.
Saib lub effluent: Ua tib zoo: Ua tib zoo saib rau qhov tawm ntawm nplooj ntawv, saib xyuas cov xim, pob tshab los txiav txim rau cov kev tsis txaus siab thiab cov outflow ntawm cov khoom siv.
Cov kauj ruam sau
Cov kauj ruam sau yog cov txheej txheem ntawm kev sau thiab kho cov khoom siv uas elute los ntawm cov kem. Txoj kev sau kom raug yog qhov tseem ceeb kom tau txais cov khoom siab purity.
Xaiv Kev Xaiv Sau
Raws li cov kev sim ua haujlwm thiab cov tshuaj uas yuav tsum tau sib cais, cov txheej txheem sau sib txawv tuaj yeem xaiv tau.
Segmented Sau: lub effluent yog ntu los yog ntim rau kev txheeb xyuas ntxiv thiab kho ntawm tus kheej.
Nruam kev sib sau: rau qee yam tsis muaj zog lossis cov khoom tsis khov, kev sib sau txuas ntxiv tuaj yeem siv kom tsis txhob muaj kev poob lossis tsis sib xws ntawm cov khoom siv hauv kev sau khoom.
Xaiv cov thawv ntim khoom
Kev xaiv ntawm cov thawv ntim khoom yuav tsum coj mus rau hauv tus account ntawm cov khoom, cov nyiaj yuav tsum tau ua tiav. Cov khoom ntim khoom siv xws li kev kuaj cov hlab, conical fwj, sau hwj, thiab lwm yam.
Kuaj Tube: Tsim nyog rau cov nyiaj me me ntawm kev sau los ua kom yooj yim txuas ntxiv thiab cov yees duab tsom xam lossis ua haujlwm kom huv.
Conical lub raj mis: haum rau pawg sau, pab txhawb cov kuab tshuaj rov qab thiab kho kom qhuav.
Sau lub raj mis: feem ntau yog siv rau hauv kev sib txuas nrog cov khoom sau tsis siv neeg, haum rau kev sib sau lossis sau qoob loo txuas ntxiv.
Kev ceev faj thaum lub sijhawm sau
Thaum lub sijhawm sau khoom siv, ua tib zoo mloog rau cov ntsiab lus hauv qab no:
Zam kev paug: xyuas kom meej tias lub thau khoom ntim huv huv thiab dawb paug kom tsis txhob qhia cov khoom siv hluav taws xob thaum lub sijhawm sau.
Cov cim meej: Cov khoom sau tau sau tau kom meej meej, suav nrog lub sijhawm sau cia, ntim, cov ntaub ntawv sib xyaw thiab cov ntaub ntawv, yog li los pab txhawb kev txheeb xyuas txuas ntxiv thiab ua tiav.
Kev kho raws sij hawm: Cov khoom sib sau ua ke yuav tsum tau ua raws sijhawm, xws li cov kuab rov qab, kom tsis txhob poob lossis degeneration ntawm cov khoom siv.
Ua thiab tsom xam tom qab sau
Cov txheej txheem sau ua ke txuas ntxiv kev ua thiab kev soj ntsuam los ntsuas kev sib cais ua haujlwm thiab cov khoom huv ntawm cov khoom lag luam.
Cov kuab tshuaj rov qab: Cov kuab rov qab kho tau ntawm cov khoom sib txuas yog nqa nrog cov khoom siv xws li qeeb theem thiab impurities.
Kev kho kom qhuav: Cov khoom siv rov qab tau qhuav kom tshem tawm cov dej uas seem thiab cov kuab tshuaj.
Kev Ntsuam Xyuas Kev Tshawb Fawb Txog Kev Ua Yeeb Yam: Cov Txheej Txheem Chromatography (HPLC) thiab lwm txoj hauv kev los soj ntsuam cov khoom sib cais los ntsuas kev sib cais ua haujlwm thiab cov khoom huv ntawm cov khoom.
Lub ntsiab
Cov kauj ruam kom tsawg thiab sau cia hauv ntau-kem chromatography yog cov kauj ruam tseem ceeb rau cais cov tshuaj. Los ntawm kev xaiv haum eluent, optimizing kev kawm kom tsawg dua thiab kev sau nqi kev kho thiab kho cov txheej txheem, muaj cov khoom lag luam siab. Hauv kev ua haujlwm tiag tiag, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav kom muaj kev nkag siab thiab kho raws li cov khoom ntawm cov tshuaj yuav tsum sib cais thiab cov kev sim kom ua tiav qhov kev sib cais zoo tshaj plaws.
Txoj kev xaiv cov qauv ntawm ntau cov kab ntawv chromatography
Ua ntej tshaj plaws, nws yog qhov tsim nyog kom muaj kev nkag siab zoo ntawm cov khoom ntawm cov khoom sib cais, ua kom ruaj khov, kev ruaj khov, thiab lwm yam. Piv txwv li, cov tshuaj polar ntau dua li xaiv cov xim polar, thaum muaj cov tshuaj pleev xim loj dua yuav tau xaiv cov xim xim nrog cov Aperture loj dua.
Cov khoom siv thiab hom xim xim kuj tseem tseem ceeb hauv kev xaiv. Cov khoom siv xim xim sib xws xws li cov hlau stainless, iav, quartz, thiab lwm yam muaj qhov kub tsis kam thiab tshuaj lom neeg. Nyob ntawm kev sim ua kev sim thiab cov khoom ntawm cov tshuaj yuav tsum tau sib cais, nws yog qhov tseem ceeb los xaiv cov khoom siv zoo.
Nyob rau hauv cov nqe lus ntawm hom, ntau-kem chromatography feem ntau yog siv cov sib txawv ntawm cov xim xim xim hauv cov. Cov kab no yuav muaj cov qib sib txawv theem, particle loj, pore loj thiab lwm yam ntxwv. Piv txwv li, theem ib txwm siv silica gel raws li theem nyob ruaj khov, uas yog qhov tsim nyog rau cais cov tshuaj Polar; Cov pawg Pease thim rov qab siv Silica Gel sib khi nrog cov pab pawg tsis yog cov theem ruaj khov, uas yog qhov tsim nyog rau kev cais cov tshuaj uas tsis yog-polar.
Thaum xaiv cov xim xim, nws tseem yuav tsum tau them sai sai rau nws cov teeb meem thiab cov txheej txheem tshwj xeeb, suav nrog kab ntawv ntev, thiab lwm yam yuav cuam tshuam nrog kev sib cais thiab daws teeb meem.
Kab ntev: ntev ntev kem ntev, siab dua qhov sib cais ntev, tab sis lub sijhawm tsom xam yuav nce raws li. Yog li ntawd, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog los xaiv cov kem tsim nyog ntev raws li kev sim ua thiab cov nyom ntawm cov khoom yuav sib cais.
Sab hauv txoj kab uas hla: qhov me dua sab hauv lub taub, qhov siab dua rau cov qauv peev txheej, tab sis tus qauv muaj peev xwm yuav raug txo kom raug. Rau cov qauv nyuaj uas xav tau kev sib cais, cov me me bore txhua feem ntau raug xaiv; Rau cov ntaub ntawv ntawm ib tus qauv loj loj, nws yuav tsim nyog los xaiv cov kem nrog cov taub uas loj dua sab hauv.
Qhov loj me me: Qhov me me qhov me me, ntau dua qhov sib cais, tab sis cov kem siab tseem yuav nce raws li. Yog li ntawd, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog los nrhiav qhov sib npaug ntawm kev sib cais thiab seem sab.
Aperture: Qhov loj ntawm kev txiav txim siab qhov loj ntawm cov lwg me uas tuaj yeem nkag mus rau theem chaw nyob ruaj khov rau kev sib cais. Rau cov tshuaj loj loj, cov tshuaj loj loj, loj aperture xim kab yuav tsum tau xaiv kom ntseeg tau tias lawv tuaj yeem nkag mus rau theem nyob ruaj ruaj rau kev sib cais.
Kev sim sim thiab cov kev xav tau kuj yog yam tseem ceeb uas tsis tuaj yeem tsis quav ntsej thaum xaiv cov xim xim. Piv txwv li, qhov sib xyaw ua ke ntawm cov mobile theem, ntws nrog, ntsuas kub, thiab yuav cuam tshuam rau kev sib cais cov nyhuv. Yog li ntawd, thaum xaiv ib kem xim, nws yog qhov tsim nyog los xyuas kom meej tias nws phim cov kev sim.
Ib qho ntxiv, nws yog ib qho yuav tsum tau los txiav txim siab txog qhov kev sim, xws li kab sib cais, kev tshuaj xyuas lub sijhawm, tshuaj xyuas lub sijhawm tsim nyog los ua tiav qhov sib cais zoo tshaj plaws.
Thaum kawg, kem xim tsim nyog yuav raug xaiv nrog siv rau cov ntaub ntawv sim kev sim thiab kev paub dhau los. Piv txwv li, kev sim cov ntaub ntawv hauv cov ntawv sau lossis cov ntaub ntawv tseem ceeb tuaj yeem sab laj kom nkag siab txog kev sib cais thiab cov khoom lag luam uas muaj cov xwm txheej sib txawv. Tib lub sijhawm, koj kuj tseem tuaj yeem sab laj cov phooj ywg lossis cov kws tshaj lij rau cov lus qhia ntxiv thiab kev taw qhia.
Hauv cov ntsiab lus, kev xaiv ntawm haumNtau hom chromatographyYuav tsum muaj kev nkag siab txog cov khoom ntawm cov tshuaj uas muaj kev sib cais, cov khoom siv thiab cov kev sim ua thiab cov kev sim ua kom zoo thiab kev sim. Los ntawm kev xaiv thiab kev xaiv tsim nyog, kev sib cais zoo tshaj plaws thiab cov khoom lag luam muaj peev xwm tuaj yeem lav.
Cim npe nrov: Ntau cov kab chromatography, Tuam Tshoj Ntau Sab Chromatography Cov Chaw Lag Luam, Chaw muag khoom, Hoobkas
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